CGAS Recombinant Protein (Human) (OPCA04442)

Catalog No: OPCA04442

Product Info

• Predicted Species Reactivity: Homo sapiens|Human
• Product Format: Lyophilized 20mM Tris-HCl, 0.5M NaCl, 6% Trehalose (pH 8.0)
• Reconstitution and Storage: We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Please reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. We recommend to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. Our default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.
• Purification: Purified using IMAC
• Purity: Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
• Protein Sequence: Partial Protein: GASKLRAVLEKLKLSRDDISTAAGMVKGVVDHLLLRLKCDSAFRGVGLLNTGSYYEHVKISAPNEFDVMFKLEVPRIQLEEYSNTRAYYFVKFKRNPKENPLSQFLEGEILSASKMLSKFRKIIKEEINDIKDTDVIMKRKRGGSPAVTLLISEKISVDITLALESKSSWPASTQEGLRIQNWLSAKVRKQLRLKPFYLVPKHAKEGNGFQEETWRLSFSHIEKEILNNHGKSKTCCENKEEKCCRKDCLKLMKYLLEQLKERFKDKKHLDKFSSYHVKTAFFHVCTQNPQDSQWDRKDLGLCFDNCVTYFLQCLRTEKLENYFIPEFNLFSSNLIDKRSKEFLTKQIEYERNNEFPVFDEF
• Source: E.coli
• Protein Range: 161-522 aa
• Tag: N-terminal 6xHis-SUMO-tagged
• Reference: Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase is a cytosolic DNA sensor that activates the type I interferon pathway.Sun L., Wu J., Du F., Chen X., Chen Z.J.Science 339:786-791(2013)

Target Info

• Gene Symbol: CGAS
• Gene Full Name: cyclic GMP-AMP synthase
• Alias Symbols: 2'3'-cGAMP synthase;C6orf150;cGAMP synthase;cyclic GMP-AMP synthase;h-cGAS;Mab-21 domain containing 1;mab-21 domain-containing protein 1;MB21D1;protein MB21D1.
• NCBI Gene Id: 115004
• Protein Name: Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase
• Description of Target: Nucleotidyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) from ATP and GTP (PubMed:23258413, PubMed:23707061, PubMed:23722159, PubMed:24077100, PubMed:25131990). Catalysis involves both the formation of a 2',5' phosphodiester linkage at the GpA step and the formation of a 3',5' phosphodiester linkage at the ApG step, producing c[G(2',5')pA(3',5')p] (PubMed:28363908, PubMed:28214358). Acts as a key cytosolic DNA sensor, the presence of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in the cytoplasm being a danger signal that triggers the immune responses (PubMed:28363908). Binds cytosolic DNA directly, leading to activation and synthesis of cGAMP, a second messenger that binds to and activates TMEM173/STING, thereby triggering type-I interferon production (PubMed:28363908, PubMed:28314590). Has antiviral activity by sensing the presence of dsDNA from DNA viruses in the cytoplasm (PubMed:28363908). Also acts as an innate immune sensor of infection by retroviruses, such as HIV-1, by detecting the presence of reverse-transcribed DNA in the cytosol (PubMed:23929945). Detection of retroviral reverse-transcribed DNA in the cytosol may be indirect and be mediated via interaction with PQBP1, which directly binds reverse-transcribed retroviral DNA (PubMed:26046437). Also detects the presence of DNA from bacteria, such as M.tuberculosis (PubMed:26048138). cGAMP can be transferred from producing cells to neighboring cells through gap junctions, leading to promote TMEM173/STING activation and convey immune response to connecting cells (PubMed:24077100). cGAMP can also be transferred between cells by virtue of packaging within viral particles contributing to IFN-induction in newly infected cells in a cGAS-independent but TMEM173/STING-dependent manner (PubMed:26229115). In addition to antiviral activity, also involved in the response to cellular stresses, such as senescence, DNA damage or genome instability (PubMed:28738408, PubMed:28759889). Acts as a regulator of cellular senescence by binding to cytosolic chromatin fragments that are present in senescent cells, leading to trigger type-I interferon production via TMEM173/STING and promote cellular senescence (By similarity). Also involved in the inflammatory response to genome instability and double-stranded DNA breaks: acts by localizing to micronuclei arising from genome instability (PubMed:28738408, PubMed:28759889). Micronuclei, which as frequently found in cancer cells, consist of chromatin surrounded by its own nuclear membrane: following breakdown of the micronuclear envelope, a process associated with chromothripsis, CGAS binds self-DNA exposed to the cytosol, leading to cGAMP synthesis and subsequent activation of TMEM173/STING and type-I interferon production (PubMed:28738408, PubMed:28759889).
• Uniprot ID: Q8N884
• Protein Size (# AA): Recombinant
• Molecular Weight: 58.3 kDa