A loading control is an essential reference in Western blot experiments. It is typically a protein that remains relatively constant across different experimental conditions. This stable protein provides a baseline measure, allowing for the assessment of variations in protein loading, transfer efficiency, and gel electrophoresis performance.
By including a loading control, researchers can ensure the integrity of the experimental procedure. Any changes in the abundance of the loading control protein indicate potential issues in sample preparation, gel electrophoresis, or protein transfer. This ensures that observed variations in target proteins are a result of biological phenomena, rather than technical discrepancies.
Ultimately, loading controls are crucial components of Western blotting. They validate the accuracy of experimental protocols and provide reliable quantitative data. Careful selection and inclusion of loading controls significantly enhance the robustness and credibility of Western blot results.