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Catalog No: OPCD05149
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OPCD05149
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Datasheets/ManualsPrintable datasheet for MB21D1 Recombinant Protein (OPCD05149)
Product Info
Predicted Species ReactivityHomo sapiens|Human
Product FormatFreeze-dried Powder. PBS, pH7.4, containing 0.01% SKL, 5% Trehalose.
HostE.coli
ConjugationUnconjugated
ApplicationPositive control|Sodium sodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis|Western blot
Additional InformationEndotoxin Level: < 1.0 EU per 1 ug (determined by the LAL method)
Residues: Glu225-Lys407
Subcellular Location: Cytoplasm
Isoelectric Point: 9.4
Reconstitution and Storage2°C to 8°C|-80°C
Concentration200 ug/mL (prior to lyoph)
Purity> 95%
SourceE.coli
TagN-terminal His Tag
Gene SymbolCGAS
Gene Full Namecyclic GMP-AMP synthase
Alias Symbols2'3'-cGAMP synthase;C6orf150;cGAMP synthase;cyclic GMP-AMP synthase;h-cGAS;Mab-21 domain containing 1;mab-21 domain-containing protein 1;MB21D1;protein MB21D1.
NCBI Gene Id115004
Protein NameCyclic GMP-AMP synthase
Description of TargetNucleotidyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) from ATP and GTP (PubMed:23258413, PubMed:23707061, PubMed:23722159, PubMed:24077100, PubMed:25131990). Catalysis involves both the formation of a 2',5' phosphodiester linkage at the GpA step and the formation of a 3',5' phosphodiester linkage at the ApG step, producing c[G(2',5')pA(3',5')p] (PubMed:28363908, PubMed:28214358). Acts as a key cytosolic DNA sensor, the presence of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in the cytoplasm being a danger signal that triggers the immune responses (PubMed:28363908). Binds cytosolic DNA directly, leading to activation and synthesis of cGAMP, a second messenger that binds to and activates TMEM173/STING, thereby triggering type-I interferon production (PubMed:28363908, PubMed:28314590). Has antiviral activity by sensing the presence of dsDNA from DNA viruses in the cytoplasm (PubMed:28363908). Also acts as an innate immune sensor of infection by retroviruses, such as HIV-1, by detecting the presence of reverse-transcribed DNA in the cytosol (PubMed:23929945). Detection of retroviral reverse-transcribed DNA in the cytosol may be indirect and be mediated via interaction with PQBP1, which directly binds reverse-transcribed retroviral DNA (PubMed:26046437). Also detects the presence of DNA from bacteria, such as M.tuberculosis (PubMed:26048138). cGAMP can be transferred from producing cells to neighboring cells through gap junctions, leading to promote TMEM173/STING activation and convey immune response to connecting cells (PubMed:24077100). cGAMP can also be transferred between cells by virtue of packaging within viral particles contributing to IFN-induction in newly infected cells in a cGAS-independent but TMEM173/STING-dependent manner (PubMed:26229115). In addition to antiviral activity, also involved in the response to cellular stresses, such as senescence, DNA damage or genome instability (PubMed:28738408, PubMed:28759889). Acts as a regulator of cellular senescence by binding to cytosolic chromatin fragments that are present in senescent cells, leading to trigger type-I interferon production via TMEM173/STING and promote cellular senescence (By similarity). Also involved in the inflammatory response to genome instability and double-stranded DNA breaks: acts by localizing to micronuclei arising from genome instability (PubMed:28738408, PubMed:28759889). Micronuclei, which as frequently found in cancer cells, consist of chromatin surrounded by its own nuclear membrane: following breakdown of the micronuclear envelope, a process associated with chromothripsis, CGAS binds self-DNA exposed to the cytosol, leading to cGAMP synthesis and subsequent activation of TMEM173/STING and type-I interferon production (PubMed:28738408, PubMed:28759889).
Uniprot IDQ8N884
Protein Accession #NP_612450.2
Nucleotide Accession #NM_138441.2
Protein Size (# AA)Glu225~Cys405
Molecular Weight24kDa
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