AKT1 Antibody (OAAF00863)

• Product Number: OAAF00863
• Name: AKT1 Antibody (OAAF00863)
• Molecular Weight: 55 kDa
• NCBI Gene Id: 207
• Host: Rabbit
• Clonality: Polyclonal
• Gene Full Name: AKT serine/threonine kinase 1
• Alias Symbols: AKT;AKT1m;PKB;PKB alpha;PKB-ALPHA;PRKBA;Protein kinase B;protein kinase B alpha;proto-oncogene c-Akt;RAC;rac protein kinase alpha;RAC-ALPHA;RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase;RAC-PK-alpha;serine-threonine protein kinase;v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1;v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene-like protein 1.
• Product Format: Liquid
• Reference: Jones P.F., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88:4171-4175(1991).
  Matsubara A., Diabetologia 44:910-913(2001).
  The MGC Project Team; Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
• Description of Target: AKT1 is one of 3 closely related serine/threonine-protein kinases (AKT1, AKT2 and AKT3) called the AKT kinase, and which regulate many processes including metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates. Over 100 substrate candidates have been reported so far, but for most of them, no isoform specificity has been reported. AKT is responsible of the regulation of glucose uptake by mediating insulin-induced translocation of the SLC2A4/GLUT4 glucose transporter to the cell surface. Phosphorylation of PTPN1 at 'Ser-50' negatively modulates its phosphatase activity preventing dephosphorylation of the insulin receptor and the attenuation of insulin signaling. Phosphorylation of TBC1D4 triggers the binding of this effector to inhibitory 14-3-3 proteins, which is required for insulin-stimulated glucose transport. AKT regulates also the storage of glucose in the form of glycogen by phosphorylating GSK3A at 'Ser-21' and GSK3B at 'Ser-9', resulting in inhibition of its kinase activity. Phosphorylation of GSK3 isoforms by AKT is also thought to be one mechanism by which cell proliferation is driven. AKT regulates also cell survival via the phosphorylation of MAP3K5 (apoptosis signal-related kinase). Phosphorylation of 'Ser-83' decreases MAP3K5 kinase activity stimulated by oxidative stress and thereby prevents apoptosis. AKT mediates insulin-stimulated protein synthesis by phosphorylating TSC2 at 'Ser-939' and 'Thr-1462', thereby activating mTORC1 signaling and leading to both phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 and in activation of RPS6KB1. AKT is involved in the phosphorylation of members of the FOXO factors (Forkhead family of transcription factors), leading to binding of 14-3-3 proteins and cytoplasmic localization. In particular, FOXO1 is phosphorylated at 'Thr-24', 'Ser-256' and 'Ser-319'. FOXO3 and FOXO4 are phosphorylated on equivalent sites. AKT has an important role in the regulation of NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription and positively regulates the activity of CREB1 (cyclic AMP (cAMP)-response element binding protein). The phosphorylation of CREB1 induces the binding of accessory proteins that are necessary for the transcription of pro-survival genes such as BCL2 and MCL1. AKT phosphorylates 'Ser-454' on ATP citrate lyase (ACLY), thereby potentially regulating ACLY activity and fatty acid synthesis. Activates the 3B isoform of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE3B) via phosphorylation of 'Ser-273', resulting in reduced cyclic AMP levels and inhibition of lipolysis. Phosphorylates PIKFYVE on 'Ser-318', which results in increased PI(3)P-5 activity. The Rho GTPase-activating protein DLC1 is another substrate and its phosphorylation is implicated in the regulation cell proliferation and cell growth. AKT plays a role as key modulator of the AKT-mTOR signaling pathway controlling the tempo of the process of newborn neurons integration during adult neurogenesis, including correct neuron positioning, dendritic development and synapse formation. Signals downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI(3)K) to mediate the effects of various growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). AKT mediates the antiapoptotic effects of IGF-I. Essential for the SPATA13-mediated regulation of cell migration and adhesion assembly and disassembly. May be involved in the regulation of the placental development. Phosphorylates STK4/MST1 at 'Thr-120' and 'Thr-387' leading to inhibition of its: kinase activity, nuclear translocation, autophosphorylation and ability to phosphorylate FOXO3. Phosphorylates STK3/MST2 at 'Thr-117' and 'Thr-384' leading to inhibition of its: cleavage, kinase activity, autophosphorylation at Thr-180, binding to RASSF1 and nuclear translocation. Phosphorylates SRPK2 and enhances its kinase activity towards SRSF2 and ACIN1 and promotes its nuclear translocation. Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser-259' and negatively regulates its activity. Phosphorylation of BAD stimulates its pro-apoptotic activity. Phosphorylates KAT6A at 'Thr-369' and this phosphorylation inhibits the interaction of KAT6A with PML and negatively regulates its acetylation activity towards p53/TP53.
• Reconstitution and Storage: -20°C
• Specificity: Akt (Ab-129) antibody detects endogenous levels of total Akt protein.
• Application Info: WB: 1:500~1:3000; IHC: 1:50~1:100; IF: 1:100~1:500; ELISA: 1:40000
• Immunogen: The antiserum was produced against synthesized peptide derived from human Akt.
• Dilution: The optimal working dilution should be determined by the end user.
• Formulation: Rabbit IgG in phosphate buffered saline (without Mg2+ and Ca2+), pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.
• Uniprot ID: P31749
• Protein Name: RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase
• Protein Accession #: NP_001014431.1
• Purification: The antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen.
• Gene Symbol: AKT1
• Predicted Species Reactivity: Human|Mouse|Rat
• Application: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay|Immunocytochemistry|Immunofluorescence|Immunohistochemistry|Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin|Western blot
• Image 1: HepG2 cells
  
  Western blot analysis of extracts from HepG2 cells, treated with Serum 30% 30', using Akt Antibody. The lane on the right is treated with the synthesized peptide.
• Image 2: human skeletal muscle tissue
  
  Immunohistochemistry analysis of paraffin-embedded human skeletal muscle tissue, using Akt Antibody. The picture on the right is treated with the synthesized peptide.
• Image 3: HeLa cells
  
  Immunofluorescence analysis of HeLa cells, using Akt Antibody. The picture on the right is treated with the synthesized peptide.