ESXA Recombinant Protein (Mycobacterium tuberculosis) (OPCA04150)

Catalog No: OPCA04150

Product Info

• Predicted Species Reactivity: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Product Format: Liquid or Lyophilized powder
• Additional Information: Species Specificity Detail: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (strain CDC 1551 / Oshkosh)
• Reconstitution and Storage: -20°C or -80°C
• Formulation: Tris-base, 50% glycerol
• Purity: Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
• Peptide Sequence: WNFAGIEAAASAIQGNVTSIHSLLDEGKQSLTKLAAAWGGSGSEAYQGVQQKWDATATELNNALQNLARTISEAGQAMASTEGNVTGMFA
• Protein Sequence: WNFAGIEAAASAIQGNVTSIHSLLDEGKQSLTKLAAAWGGSGSEAYQGVQQKWDATATELNNALQNLARTISEAGQAMASTEGNVTGMFA
• Storage Buffer: If the delivery form is liquid, the default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. If the delivery form is lyophilized powder, the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
• Source: Yeast
• Tag: N-terminal 6xHis-tagged

Target Info

• Reference: Mutually dependent secretion of proteins required for mycobacterial virulence.Fortune S.M., Jaeger A., Sarracino D.A., Chase M.R., Sassetti C.M., Sherman D.R., Bloom B.R., Rubin E.J.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102:10676-10681(2005)
• Gene Symbol: esxA
• Gene Full Name: ESAT-6 protein EsxA
• Alias Symbols: esat-6;ESAT-6 protein EsxA;Rv3875.
• NCBI Gene Id: 886209
• Protein Name: 6 kDa early secretory antigenic target
• Description of Target: A secreted protein that plays a number of roles in modulating the host's immune response to infection as well as being responsible for bacterial escape into the host cytoplasm. Acts as a strong host (human) T-cell antigen (PubMed:7729876, PubMed:11940590). Inhibits IL-12 p40 (IL12B) and TNF-alpha expression by infected host (mouse) macrophages, reduces the nitric oxide response by about 75% (PubMed:14557536). In mice previously exposed to the bacterium, elicits high level of IFN-gamma production by T-cells upon subsequent challenge by M.tuberculosis, in the first phase of a protective immune response (PubMed:7897219, PubMed:7729876). Higher levels (1.6-3.3 uM) of recombinant protein inhibit IFN-gamma production by host (human) T-cells and also IL-17 and TNF-alpha production but not IL-2; decreases expression of host ATF-2 and JUN transcription factors by affecting T-cell receptors signaling downstream of ZAP70, without cytotoxicity or apoptosis (PubMed:19265145). EsxA inhibits IFN-gamma production in human T-cells by activating p38 MAPK (MAPK14), p38 MAPK is not responsible for IL-17 decrease (PubMed:21586573). Binds host (mouse) Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and decreases host MYD88-dependent signaling; binding to TLR2 activates host kinase AKT and subsequently inhibits downstream activation of NF-kappa-B; the C-terminal 20 residues (76-95) are necessary and sufficient for the TLR2 inhibitory effect (PubMed:17486091). Required for induction of host (human) IL-1B maturation and release by activating the host NLRP3/ASC inflammasome; may also promote access of other tuberculosis proteins to the host cells cytoplasm (PubMed:20148899). Induces IL-8 (CXCL8) expression in host (human) lung epithelial cells (PubMed:23867456). Exogenously applied protein, or protein expressed in host (human and mouse), binds beta-2-microglobulin (B2M) and decreases its export to the cell surface, probably leading to defects in class I antigen presentation by the host cell (PubMed:25356553). Responsible for mitochondrial fragmention, redistribution around the cell nucleus and decreased mitochondrial mass; this effect is not seen until 48 hours post-infection (PubMed:26092385). Able to disrupt artificial planar bilayers in the absence of EsxB (CFP-10) (PubMed:14557547). Native protein binds artificial liposomes in the absence but not presence of EsxB and is able to rigidify and lyse them; the EsxA-EsxB complex dissociates at acidic pH, EsxB might serve as a chaperone to prevent membrane lysis (PubMed:17557817). Recombinant protein induces leakage of phosphocholine liposomes at acidic pH in the absence of ExsB, undergoes conformational change, becoming more alpha-helical at acidic pH (PubMed:23150662, PubMed:25645924). The study using recombinant protein did not find dissociation of EsxA-EsxB complex at acidic pH (PubMed:23150662). Involved in translocation of bacteria from the host (human) phagolysosome to the host cytoplasm (PubMed:17604718, PubMed:22319448). Translocation into host cytoplasm is visible 3 days post-infection using cultured human cells and precedes host cell death (PubMed:22319448). Recombinant protein induces apoptosis in host (human) differentiated cell lines, which is cell-line dependent; bacteria missing the ESX-1 locus do not induce apoptosis (PubMed:17298391). Host (human) cells treated with EsxA become permeable to extracellular dye (PubMed:17298391). EsxA and EsxA-EsxB are cytotoxic to pneumocytes (PubMed:19906174). ESX-1 secretion system-induced host (mouse) cell apoptosis, which is probably responsible for infection of new host cells, might be due to EsxA (PubMed:23848406). EsxA induces necrosis in aged neutrophils (PubMed:25321481). May help regulate assembly and function of the type VII secretion system (T7SS) (By similarity). EsxA disassembles pre-formed EccC-EsxB multimers, possibly by making EccC-EsxA-EsxB trimers instead of EccC-EsxB-EsxB-EccC tetramers (By similarity).
• Uniprot ID: P9WNK7
• Protein Accession #: WP_003399963
• Nucleotide Accession #: NZ_KK339374
• Protein Size (# AA): Recombinant
• Molecular Weight: 11.3 kDa